(a) is independently developed by a

(a) is independently developed by a Party or one of its Authorised Recipients (as evidenced by written records) without the use or benefit of Information;

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Results (Arabic) 1: [Copy]

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(أ) وضعت بشكل مستقل من طرف أو أحد "المتلقين مأذون" به (كما يتضح من السجلات المكتوبة دون استخدام) أو الاستفادة من المعلومات؛

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Results (Arabic) 2:[Copy]

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(أ) تم تطويرها بشكل مستقل من قبل طرف أو أحد المستلمين معتمد (كما يتضح من السجلات المكتوبة) من دون استخدام أو الاستفادة من المعلومات؛

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Results (Arabic) 3:[Copy]

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(أ) يتم تطويرها بشكل مستقل من قبل طرف أو أحد مخول من المستفيدين (كما يتضح من المحاضر المكتوبة) بدون استخدام أو الاستفادة من المعلومات؛

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