The above description of CS is consistent with Proctor’s functions of clinical supervision (Proctor, 1986). The functions are threefold; first is the formative function, an educative activity which was the original basis for CS; second is the normative function in the sense that clinical supervision enables the development of consistency of approach to
patient care (ie follows ‘norms’ or standards of practice), third is a restorative function, which promotes validation and support for colleagues through peer feedback. Although presented as separate, the functions overlap and intersect in practice. As differentiated, they provide a useful organising schema for this literature review.