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BackgroundIndividuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from a variety of health conditions, thus making MetS an important trait to recognize and treat. The definition of MetS changed over the past decade as researchers identified the most critical risk factors. The first widely used definitions were developed by the World Health Organization [1] and the National Institutes of Health [2]. Currently, the best regarded definition of MetS is that of the American Heart Association and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [3], which has a high utility in determining those at risk. Their definition confirmed the value of the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria [2] with some minor modifications, making the current standard for MetS risk criteria based on the following: waist circumference (≥102 cm in men, ≥88 cm in women, or body mass index [BMI] > 30 kg/m2), triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol (<40 mg/dl for men or <50 mg/dl for women, or taking cholesterol medication), blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg or blood pressure medication), and fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dl or glucose medication).
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