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Oxytocin may enhance positive social interactions, such as maternal behaviour, sexualbehaviour and social interactions in general (Pedersen and Prange, 1979; Agriolas andGessa, 1991; Witt et al., 1992). The types of behaviours that are induced are dependent onthe prevalent steroid pattern and on the environmental cues. Thus, e.g. the expression ofmaternal behaviour in response to oxytocin requests pre-treatment with oestrogen and thepresence of offspring. Oxytocin may also promote bonding between individuals, betweenmother and young, as has been shown in for example sheep, but also between females andmales of some species (Kendrick et al., 1987; Carter, 1992).
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