replicates each. Y from equation 2 is the Gaussian distribution for th translation - replicates each. Y from equation 2 is the Gaussian distribution for th Indonesian how to say

replicates each. Y from equation 2

replicates each. Y from equation 2 is the Gaussian distribution for the transformation
scale ranging from less than -SD to larger than +SD with mean equals to zero between them. Here, we decided to reconstruct the Y scaleinto four groups and named it alphabetically ascending to suit the currently available gaharu trading grades. This study used boxplot interpretation to compare means.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Tables 2 and 3 indicate that there are marked differences between the different grades of gaharu wood. The grades could be classified according to the presence of extractive or resin content in wood chips. From the Z-score transformation technique results in Table 2, the raw data were transformed and clustered into four groups, which contained eight to nine samples each. The highest resin contents (Table 3) were found in group A(33.40–42.96%), followed by groups B (22.06–27.58%), C (9.84–18.43%) and D(2.01–7.14%).
The majority of samples in Table 3 fell into the same groups that were provided by traders to researchers during sample collection. The exceptions were C1 (Melaka), C (Gua
Musang), C8 (Malaysia) and C bungkus Malaysia) which fell into group D; C+(Kelantan) and Duga grade A which fell into group B; and grade B (Kelantan) which fell
into group A.
Most of the samples in group A were traded as Super and grade A in the market except for
grade B (Kelantan). In group B, the samples were originally traded as B, Super, Double
super and C+, which were considered as high grade due to the shape of the gaharu wood
structure that was suitable for wood carving and aesthetic purposes. Samples classified
under group C were mainly from grade A5,C and other grade codes such as OUD1 and
OUD2 as provided by the supplier. Lastly, samples in group D were those from grade
C, inoculated wood and gaharu wood chips, which were commonly used for oil distillation.
Based on the findings, the higher proposed market grade of gaharu were found to have
higher resin content values. Figure 1 shows that there are significantly
different mean values between each of the proposed resin content groups. Group A had the highest mean resin content. There was an extreme outlier and two acceptable outliers
which came from group A and all data from the other three groups fell into the 95% confidence interval. The outliers in group A were from Super (Pagoh). From the boxplot
pattern, it could be deduced that as the resin content increased, the proposed gaharu
grading group significantly increased and the correlation was a linear relationship.
Based on statistical analyses in this study, gaharu wood is recommended to be classified
into four separate grades based on the resin content. Using generated Z-score actual scale in Table 2, a new scale was proposed to cover four different groups of resin content data: group A (> 30%), group B (20–30%), group C (10%–20%) and group D (< 9%)(Table 4).

CONCLUSIONS
Quality grading of gaharu has been a major concern in the gaharu business. In assisting
gaharu industries, FRIM is providing services in resin content determination of gaharu
wood and essential oil analysis. Apart from fingerprint profiling via chromatographic
techniques, it is hoped that resin content
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replicates each. Y from equation 2 is the Gaussian distribution for the transformationscale ranging from less than -SD to larger than +SD with mean equals to zero between them. Here, we decided to reconstruct the Y scaleinto four groups and named it alphabetically ascending to suit the currently available gaharu trading grades. This study used boxplot interpretation to compare means.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONTables 2 and 3 indicate that there are marked differences between the different grades of gaharu wood. The grades could be classified according to the presence of extractive or resin content in wood chips. From the Z-score transformation technique results in Table 2, the raw data were transformed and clustered into four groups, which contained eight to nine samples each. The highest resin contents (Table 3) were found in group A(33.40–42.96%), followed by groups B (22.06–27.58%), C (9.84–18.43%) and D(2.01–7.14%).The majority of samples in Table 3 fell into the same groups that were provided by traders to researchers during sample collection. The exceptions were C1 (Melaka), C (GuaMusang), C8 (Malaysia) and C bungkus Malaysia) which fell into group D; C+(Kelantan) and Duga grade A which fell into group B; and grade B (Kelantan) which fellinto group A.Most of the samples in group A were traded as Super and grade A in the market except forgrade B (Kelantan). In group B, the samples were originally traded as B, Super, Doublesuper and C+, which were considered as high grade due to the shape of the gaharu wood
structure that was suitable for wood carving and aesthetic purposes. Samples classified
under group C were mainly from grade A5,C and other grade codes such as OUD1 and
OUD2 as provided by the supplier. Lastly, samples in group D were those from grade
C, inoculated wood and gaharu wood chips, which were commonly used for oil distillation.
Based on the findings, the higher proposed market grade of gaharu were found to have
higher resin content values. Figure 1 shows that there are significantly
different mean values between each of the proposed resin content groups. Group A had the highest mean resin content. There was an extreme outlier and two acceptable outliers
which came from group A and all data from the other three groups fell into the 95% confidence interval. The outliers in group A were from Super (Pagoh). From the boxplot
pattern, it could be deduced that as the resin content increased, the proposed gaharu
grading group significantly increased and the correlation was a linear relationship.
Based on statistical analyses in this study, gaharu wood is recommended to be classified
into four separate grades based on the resin content. Using generated Z-score actual scale in Table 2, a new scale was proposed to cover four different groups of resin content data: group A (> 30%), group B (20–30%), group C (10%–20%) and group D (< 9%)(Table 4).

CONCLUSIONS
Quality grading of gaharu has been a major concern in the gaharu business. In assisting
gaharu industries, FRIM is providing services in resin content determination of gaharu
wood and essential oil analysis. Apart from fingerprint profiling via chromatographic
techniques, it is hoped that resin content
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Results (Indonesian) 2:[Copy]
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ulangan masing-masing. Y dari persamaan 2 adalah distribusi Gaussian untuk transformasi
skala mulai dari kurang dari -SD untuk lebih besar dari + SD dengan mean sama dengan nol antara mereka. Di sini, kami memutuskan untuk merekonstruksi Y scaleinto empat kelompok dan menamakannya abjad naik sesuai dengan nilai perdagangan gaharu saat ini tersedia. Penelitian ini menggunakan interpretasi boxplot untuk membandingkan cara.
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
Tabel 2 dan 3 menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang ditandai antara nilai yang berbeda dari kayu gaharu. Tingkatan dapat diklasifikasikan sesuai dengan kehadiran ekstraktif atau resin konten dalam chip kayu. Dari Z-skor hasil teknik transformasi dalam Tabel 2, data mentah diubah dan dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok, yang berisi delapan sampai sembilan sampel masing-masing. Isi resin tertinggi (Tabel 3) ditemukan dalam kelompok A (33,40-42,96%), diikuti oleh kelompok B (22,06-27,58%), C (9,84-18,43%) dan D (2,01-7,14%).
Mayoritas sampel pada Tabel 3 jatuh ke dalam kelompok yang sama yang diberikan oleh para pedagang untuk peneliti selama pengumpulan sampel. Pengecualian adalah C1 (Melaka), C (Gua
Musang), C8 (Malaysia) dan C bungkus Malaysia) yang jatuh ke dalam kelompok D; C + (Kelantan) dan Duga grade A yang jatuh ke dalam kelompok B; dan kelas B (Kelantan) yang jatuh
ke dalam kelompok A.
Sebagian besar sampel dalam kelompok A diperdagangkan sebagai Super dan grade A di pasar kecuali untuk
kelas B (Kelantan). Di grup B, sampel awalnya diperdagangkan sebagai B, Super, Double
Super dan C +, yang dianggap kelas tinggi karena bentuk dari kayu gaharu
struktur yang cocok untuk ukiran kayu dan tujuan estetika. Sampel diklasifikasikan
dalam kelompok C terutama dari kelas A5, C dan kode kelas lain seperti OUD1 dan
OUD2 yang disediakan oleh pemasok. Terakhir, sampel dalam kelompok D adalah mereka dari kelas
C, diinokulasi kayu dan kayu gaharu chip, yang biasa digunakan untuk distilasi minyak.
Berdasarkan temuan, kelas pasar yang diusulkan lebih tinggi dari gaharu ditemukan memiliki
resin nilai konten yang lebih tinggi. Gambar 1 menunjukkan bahwa ada signifikan
nilai rata-rata yang berbeda antara masing-masing kelompok konten resin yang diusulkan. Grup A memiliki mean konten resin tertinggi. Ada outlier ekstrim dan dua outlier diterima
yang berasal dari kelompok A dan semua data dari tiga kelompok lainnya jatuh ke dalam selang kepercayaan 95%. Outlier dalam kelompok A adalah dari Super (Pagoh). Dari boxplot
pola, bisa ditarik kesimpulan bahwa sebagai konten resin meningkat, gaharu yang diusulkan
kelompok gradasi meningkat secara signifikan dan korelasi adalah hubungan linear.
Berdasarkan analisis statistik dalam penelitian ini, kayu gaharu dianjurkan untuk diklasifikasikan
menjadi empat kelas terpisah berdasarkan konten resin. Menggunakan dihasilkan Z-skor skala aktual pada Tabel 2, skala baru diusulkan untuk menutupi empat kelompok data yang berbeda konten resin: kelompok A (> 30%), kelompok B (20-30%), kelompok C (10% -20 %) dan kelompok D (<9%) (Tabel 4).

KESIMPULAN
gradasi Kualitas gaharu telah menjadi perhatian utama dalam bisnis gaharu. Dalam membantu
industri gaharu, FRIM menyediakan layanan dalam penentuan isi resin gaharu
kayu dan analisis minyak atsiri. Terlepas dari profil sidik jari melalui kromatografi
teknik, diharapkan konten resin
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