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Vegetation and water indices derived from satellite reflectance data are two of the primarysources of information for operational monitoring of the Earth’s land cover. Almost all thepresent vegetation indices (VIs) in remote sensing combine reflectance measurementsfrom different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum to provide information aboutvegetation coverage on the ground. One of the primary applications of remote sensing isto identify patterns of vegetation distribution on the ground followed by assessingtemporal changes in vegetation. Higher reflectance of vegetation and lower reflectanceof water in near infrared (NIR) band along with different spectral responses of variousvegetation types from visible to shortwave infrared (SWIR) led researchers to developnumerous indices (Jackson and Huete 1991; Richardson and Everitt 1992; Richardson andWiegand 1977). Such indices are based on different algebraic combinations of these bandsfor proper analysis of land features. In contrast to its higher reflectance in NIR, vegetationhas low reflectance in both the blue and the red regions of the spectrum due to absorptionby chlorophyll for photosynthesis. These are the reasons why most of the traditional
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