Common error alert: Alkenes and arenes that are substituted with elect translation - Common error alert: Alkenes and arenes that are substituted with elect Vietnamese how to say

Common error alert: Alkenes and are

Common error alert: Alkenes and arenes that are substituted with electrophilic
groups are electrophilic at the ␤-carbon (i.e., the C atom not attached to the elec- trophilic substituent), not at the ␣-carbon, because the electrons in the ␲ bond need to end up on the ␣-carbon in order to interact with the electrophilic group. This pattern parallels what is seen for alkenes substituted with electron-donating
groups, which are nucleophilic at the ␤-carbon. Alkenes that are normally nucleophilic can act as electrophiles toward potent-enough
nucleophiles, and alkenes that are normally electrophilic can act as nucleophiles to-
ward potent-enough electrophiles. For example, alkyllithium compounds (RLi) add to
the “nucleophilic” alkene ethylene, and the “electrophilic” alkene 2-cyclohexen-1-one
adds Br 2 across its C– – C ␲ bond. These reactions provide additional support for de- scribing alkenes as the chameleons of organic chemistry. Common error alert: Do not confuse formal positive charge with elec-
trophilicity! Consider CH 2 – – O ϩ CH 3 . The electronegative element O has a formal positive charge, but it is not electron-deficient, so there is no reason to think that
it may be electrophilic. Now draw the resonance structure, H 2 C ϩ – O–CH 3 . O is neutral, the formal positive charge is on C, and C is electron-deficient.
Considering the two resonance structures, which atom is more likely to be at
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Thông báo lỗi phổ biến: anken và arenes đó được thay thế bằng electrophilicNhóm được electrophilic tại ␤-cacbon (tức là, C nguyên tử không đính kèm vào thế elec-trophilic), không phải ở ␣-cacbon, bởi vì các điện tử trong ␲ trái phiếu cần để kết thúc ngày ␣-Bon để tương tác với nhóm electrophilic. Mô hình này song song với những gì được thấy cho anken thay thế bằng cách tặng điện tửNhóm, mà là nucleophilic tại ␤-cacbon. Anken có thường nucleophilic có thể hoạt động như electrophiles về hướng mạnh đủnucleophiles, và anken có thường electrophilic có thể hành động như nucleophiles để-Phường mạnh đủ electrophiles. Ví dụ:, hợp chất alkyllithium (RLi) thêm vàoetylen anken "nucleophilic", và "electrophilic" anken 2-cyclohexen-1-1Thêm Br 2 qua của nó C--C ␲ trái phiếu. Những phản ứng này cung cấp hỗ trợ thêm cho de - anken scribing như tắc kè của hóa hữu cơ. Phổ biến các thông báo lỗi: không nên nhầm lẫn chính thức tích cực phí elec tiếngtrophilicity! Xem xét CH 2--O ϩ CH 3. Nguyên tố electronegative O có một khoản phí chính thức tích cực, nhưng nó không phải là thiếu điện tử, vì vậy không có lý do để nghĩ rằngnó có thể được electrophilic. Bây giờ vẽ cấu trúc cộng hưởng, H 2 C ϩ-O-CH 3. O là trung lập, tích cực phí chính thức là ngày C, và C là thiếu điện tử.Xem xét các cấu trúc hai cộng hưởng, nguyên tử mà là nhiều khả năng tại
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Common error alert: Alkenes and arenes that are substituted with electrophilic
groups are electrophilic at the ␤-carbon (i.e., the C atom not attached to the elec- trophilic substituent), not at the ␣-carbon, because the electrons in the ␲ bond need to end up on the ␣-carbon in order to interact with the electrophilic group. This pattern parallels what is seen for alkenes substituted with electron-donating
groups, which are nucleophilic at the ␤-carbon. Alkenes that are normally nucleophilic can act as electrophiles toward potent-enough
nucleophiles, and alkenes that are normally electrophilic can act as nucleophiles to-
ward potent-enough electrophiles. For example, alkyllithium compounds (RLi) add to
the “nucleophilic” alkene ethylene, and the “electrophilic” alkene 2-cyclohexen-1-one
adds Br 2 across its C– – C ␲ bond. These reactions provide additional support for de- scribing alkenes as the chameleons of organic chemistry. Common error alert: Do not confuse formal positive charge with elec-
trophilicity! Consider CH 2 – – O ϩ CH 3 . The electronegative element O has a formal positive charge, but it is not electron-deficient, so there is no reason to think that
it may be electrophilic. Now draw the resonance structure, H 2 C ϩ – O–CH 3 . O is neutral, the formal positive charge is on C, and C is electron-deficient.
Considering the two resonance structures, which atom is more likely to be at
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