Goetz and Sen Gupta (1996: 59) point out that some problems of women such as the
inadequate legal foundation for economic rights, especially as concerns rights of
ownership and inheritance, negative religious environment such as in the case of
opposition from Islamic groups etc., are behind the scope of any single organization
to solve. The authors argue that such problems require state-level responses.
Furthermore, large social investments such as the ones in the fields of health and
education require also state involvement. In order to achieve the goals of
empowerment, women do need the state on their side.