Typical behaviors exhibited by territorial hummingbirdsare “perching near the food resource” (Loss and Silva 2005,Longo and Fischer 2006), inter- and intraspecific attacks (Lossand Silva 2005), and intense vocalizations and visual displays(Mendonça and dos Anjos 2006). Since the energetic cost of defendinga territory can be up to three times higher than the costof non-aggressively foraging (Gill and Wolf 1975), it is expectedthat individuals will engage in resource defense only when thefitness benefits of territoriality outweigh its costs (Brown 1964).Territorial individuals commonly have access to more foodthan subordinate ones (Justino 2009, Rios et al. 2010), and theintensity of the defense should increase with the quality of thedefended resource (Justino et al. 2012). Hummingbirds, for example,defend clumped flowers rich in nectar more aggressivelythan scattered flowers (Temeles et al. 2005). Moreover, body sizeaffects territoriality in hummingbirds, with medium to largersize species exhibiting more territoriality than smaller ones(Feisinger and Colwell 1978, Abrahamczyk and Kessler 2014).