Functional Value. Functional value is defined as the ‘‘perceived utility
acquired from an alternative’s capacity for functional, utilitarian or physical performance’’ (Sheth et al 1991:160) and is seen as a primary
driver of consumer choice. It is often conceptualized as the value
received for the price paid or as value for money (Zeithaml,
1988; Dodds et al 1991; Bolton and Drew 1991; Holbrook 1994;
Woodruff 1997). Common functional value attributes include quality,
reliability, durability and price. In tourism, the number of attractions
seen, the on-time performance of a tour, seat comfort, price and
safety record may all influence functional value perceptions. In
adventure tourism operations, functional value is important because
of safety issues and the planning needed to minimize risk (Williams
and Soutar 2005). Tour operators can offer functional value through
convenience, contacts, speed, efficiency and administrative help
(Christiansen 1990).