identity-related meanings. Hewitt (

identity-related meanings. Hewitt (1986) discusses how among young black people in South London
two modalities of ethnicity are generated: One is stressed, political, and contesting, the other
unstressed and realized through the local multi-ethnic vernacular. Heller (1992b) discusses the use of code-switching as part of the linguistic economy in Quebec and Ontario, where bilingual resources are used as a strategy in ethnic mobilization. Similarly Shuman and Camitta (see below) contrast the resistance to school literacy with the vernacular literacies practiced at home. All these studies contribute to an understanding of how the standard, the “literate,” and the “schooled” come to be valued, and of the stigmatization and resistance to this hegemony through the use of vernacular and community resources.

Results (Malay) 2:

makna identiti yang berkaitan. Hewitt (1986) membincangkan bagaimana di kalangan orang muda hitam di South London
dua kaedah etnik dijana: Satu ditekankan, politik dan bertanding, yang lain
ditegaskan dan menyedari melalui vernakular pelbagai etnik tempatan. Heller (1992b) membincangkan penggunaan kod-switching sebagai sebahagian daripada ekonomi linguistik dalam Quebec dan Ontario, di mana sumber dwibahasa digunakan sebagai strategi dalam penggemblengan etnik. Begitu juga Shuman dan Camitta (lihat di bawah) bezakan rintangan dengan literasi sekolah dengan literasi vernakular yang diamalkan di rumah. Semua kajian ini menyumbang kepada pemahaman bagaimana standard, yang "celik," dan "dididik" datang yang dihargai, dan daripada stigma dan rintangan kepada hegemoni ini melalui penggunaan sumber vernakular dan masyarakat.