(ii) Communism (and Socialism as a

(ii) Communism (and Socialism as a step towards Communism) is fundamentally a rejection of capitalist system. According to Karl Marx (Capital,1867) the Capitalist System which accumulates capital by re-appropriating the ‘surplus value’ generated by labour, will ultimately collapse because of its inherent
‘structural contradictions. Karl Marx, instead of waiting for this ‘natural collapse’ predicted a ‘proletarian revolution’(by the working class) against the ‘bourgeoisie’ (the capitalist). As a result of the revolution, all the productive assets would be owned by the state and thus creating a ‘classless society’. In this ‘classless’ society ‘everyone will work according to his ability and get share (from the income generated)
according to his requirement. In the backdrop of this thesis, the Socialist Economic System practiced in a number countries resulted in :
a) A total controlled economy under a single political party
(communist or socialist party), with little role of market in allocation
of resources and distribution of income; and
b) Macroeconomic Planning (alternate to market system) as an effective tool for allocation of resources and production decision makings.
Communism/Socialism under such a revolutionary system did result in eliminating the gross inequality in distribution of income/wealth witnessed by millions under Capitalist System. At early stage of planning these economies also witnessed a very high economic growth (particularly in industrial sector). However, it could not sustain this momentum even for a century. Socialism as an economic philosophy received a great setback after down fall of its pioneer and leader -Soviet Union. However,

Results (Indonesian) 1:

(ii) Communism (and Socialism as a step towards Communism) is fundamentally a rejection of capitalist system. According to Karl Marx (Capital,1867) the Capitalist System which accumulates capital by re-appropriating the ‘surplus value’ generated by labour, will ultimately collapse because of its inherent ‘structural contradictions. Karl Marx, instead of waiting for this ‘natural collapse’ predicted a ‘proletarian revolution’(by the working class) against the ‘bourgeoisie’ (the capitalist). As a result of the revolution, all the productive assets would be owned by the state and thus creating a ‘classless society’. In this ‘classless’ society ‘everyone will work according to his ability and get share (from the income generated) according to his requirement. In the backdrop of this thesis, the Socialist Economic System practiced in a number countries resulted in :a) A total controlled economy under a single political party (communist or socialist party), with little role of market in allocation of resources and distribution of income; andb) Macroeconomic Planning (alternate to market system) as an effective tool for allocation of resources and production decision makings. Komunisme/sosialisme di bawah sebuah sistem revolusioner itu mengakibatkan menghilangkan bruto ketidaksetaraan dalam distribusi pendapatan/kekayaan disaksikan oleh jutaan di bawah sistem kapitalis. Pada tahap awal perencanaan ekonomi ini juga menyaksikan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang sangat tinggi (khususnya dalam sektor industri). Namun, itu tidak bisa mempertahankan momentum ini bahkan selama satu abad. Sosialisme sebagai filsafat ekonomi menerima kemunduran besar setelah turun jatuh pelopor dan pemimpin-Uni Soviet. Namun,