Charles Tilly's work is paricularly interesting because ti is a clear example of the complexity f the state as an entity.In his 1990 book,coercion, capital and European States, AD 900-1990,Tilly poses the following question:What accounts for the great variation over time and space in the kinds of states that have prevailed in Europe since AD 990,and why did European states eventually converge on different variants of the national state eventuallly dominated because of its role in fighting wars.Distinguishing between capital-intensive and coercionintensive regimes(or ceonomic power-based and military power-based system)Tilly notes thst three types of states resulted from the combinations of these forms of power , tribute-making empires,systems of fragmented sovereighty ,and national states.These states were the resulted from the concentration of capital and coercion Broadly speaking, coercion-intensive regimes had fewer dities and more agricultural class systems than did capitalintensive systems,which led to the development of classed representing commercial and trading interests.Where capital accumulation was high relative to the ablilty of the state to coerce its citizens,then city -states developed.On the other hand,where there was coercion but not capital accumulation then tribute-making empires developed. As Dennis Smith notes,each of these is a form of indirect rule, requiring the ruler to rely on the cooperation of relatively autonomous local powers.But with the rise in the scale of war ,the result was that national states stared to acquire a decisive advantage over the other kinds of state organizations. This was because national states could afford large armies and could respond to the demands of the classes representing both agricultural and commercial interests.