Accordingly, we require larger projects, and those for which emissions costs would be a material part of the project, to apply a standard carbon cost to the projected GHG emissions over the life of the project. In industrialized countries, our standard cost assumption is currently $40 per tonne of CO2 equivalent. We use this cost as a basis for assessing the economic value of the investment and as one consideration in optimizing the way the project is engineered with respect to GHG emissions.