With increasing fat levels, tenderness, flavour and overall acceptabil translation - With increasing fat levels, tenderness, flavour and overall acceptabil Indonesian how to say

With increasing fat levels, tendern

With increasing fat levels, tenderness, flavour and overall acceptability
increased. Samples judged more tender by the panel also had
lower shear values. As the fat level increased the percentage of samples
judged as having acceptable or better eating quality increased.
However, overall, there was relatively little improvement in quality
above an intramuscular fat concentration of about 2%. Higher intramuscular
fat was also found to improve the eating quality of PSE pork,
although overall panel scores were lower than for normal pork.
Similarly, studies in North America by DeVol et al. (1988) found
significant correlations between eating quality, and instrumentally
determined shear force, and fat concentration in the muscle. When
they grouped samples according to their instrumentally determined
texture they found that higher fat levels were associated with more
tender pork (Table 6.7).
The levels of intramuscular fat measured in both the Danish and
American studies were high compared with concentrations measured
in UK pigs. These seem to average about 1% or less, perhaps reflecting
the reductions in the overall fatness of the carcasses. At these very low
intramuscular fat levels, eating quality may well be less than optimal.
An important consideration is the method used to extract the fat. Fat
solvents like diethyl ether do not extract phospholipids present in the
cell membranes and therefore underestimate the true total fat content
of the muscle (Chapter 11). At low fat concentrations this underestimation
may be a significant fraction of the whole.
The beneficial effects of fat on the eating quality of fresh pork are
reflected in similar effects in minced (ground) meat products. In fact,
since the range of fatness can be greater, because fat is added to levels
of up to 20%, the effects are more pronounced.
Different breeds of pig have different inherent amounts of intramuscular
fat. The Duroc is generally credited with having the highest
levels and has been used in breeding schemes in Denmark and the UK
to improve pork eating quality because of this. The benefits of
incorporating Duroc genes on increasing intramuscular fat content and
eating quality are illustrated in Table 6.8. In fact, Duroc pigs may have
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With increasing fat levels, tenderness, flavour and overall acceptabilityincreased. Samples judged more tender by the panel also hadlower shear values. As the fat level increased the percentage of samplesjudged as having acceptable or better eating quality increased.However, overall, there was relatively little improvement in qualityabove an intramuscular fat concentration of about 2%. Higher intramuscularfat was also found to improve the eating quality of PSE pork,although overall panel scores were lower than for normal pork.Similarly, studies in North America by DeVol et al. (1988) foundsignificant correlations between eating quality, and instrumentallydetermined shear force, and fat concentration in the muscle. Whenthey grouped samples according to their instrumentally determinedtexture they found that higher fat levels were associated with moretender pork (Table 6.7).The levels of intramuscular fat measured in both the Danish andAmerican studies were high compared with concentrations measuredin UK pigs. These seem to average about 1% or less, perhaps reflectingthe reductions in the overall fatness of the carcasses. At these very lowintramuscular fat levels, eating quality may well be less than optimal.An important consideration is the method used to extract the fat. Fatsolvents like diethyl ether do not extract phospholipids present in thecell membranes and therefore underestimate the true total fat contentof the muscle (Chapter 11). At low fat concentrations this underestimationmay be a significant fraction of the whole.The beneficial effects of fat on the eating quality of fresh pork arereflected in similar effects in minced (ground) meat products. In fact,since the range of fatness can be greater, because fat is added to levelsof up to 20%, the effects are more pronounced.Different breeds of pig have different inherent amounts of intramuscularfat. The Duroc is generally credited with having the highestlevels and has been used in breeding schemes in Denmark and the UKto improve pork eating quality because of this. The benefits ofincorporating Duroc genes on increasing intramuscular fat content andeating quality are illustrated in Table 6.8. In fact, Duroc pigs may have
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Dengan meningkatnya kadar lemak, kelembutan, rasa dan penerimaan keseluruhan
meningkat. Sampel dinilai lebih empuk oleh panel juga memiliki
nilai-nilai geser yang lebih rendah. Sebagai tingkat lemak meningkatkan persentase sampel
dinilai sebagai memiliki kualitas makan diterima atau lebih baik meningkat.
Namun, secara keseluruhan, ada relatif sedikit peningkatan kualitas
di atas konsentrasi lemak intramuskular sekitar 2%. Intramuskular tinggi
lemak juga ditemukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas makan dari PSE daging babi,
meskipun nilai panel secara keseluruhan lebih rendah daripada babi yang normal.
Demikian pula, penelitian di Amerika Utara oleh Devol et al. (1988) menemukan
korelasi yang signifikan antara kualitas makan, dan instrumental
gaya geser ditentukan, dan konsentrasi lemak dalam otot. Ketika
mereka dikelompokkan sampel menurut mereka instrumental ditentukan
tekstur mereka menemukan bahwa kadar lemak yang lebih tinggi dikaitkan dengan lebih
lembut babi (Tabel 6.7).
Tingkat lemak intramuskular diukur baik di Denmark dan
penelitian Amerika yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi yang diukur
pada babi UK. Ini tampaknya rata-rata sekitar 1% atau kurang, mungkin mencerminkan
pengurangan dalam kegemukan keseluruhan dari bangkai. Yang sangat rendah ini
kadar lemak intramuskular, makan kualitas mungkin menjadi kurang optimal.
Satu pertimbangan penting adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak lemak. Lemak
pelarut seperti dietil eter tidak mengekstrak fosfolipid hadir dalam
membran sel dan karena itu meremehkan kandungan lemak total sebenarnya
dari otot (Bab 11). Pada konsentrasi rendah lemak meremehkan ini
mungkin fraksi yang signifikan dari keseluruhan.
Efek menguntungkan lemak pada kualitas makan daging babi segar
tercermin dalam efek yang sama di cincang (ground) produk daging. Bahkan,
sejak berbagai kegemukan dapat lebih besar, karena lemak ditambahkan ke tingkat
hingga 20%, efek yang lebih jelas.
Keturunan yang berbeda dari babi memiliki jumlah yang melekat berbeda intramuskular
lemak. The Duroc umumnya dikreditkan dengan memiliki tertinggi
tingkat dan telah digunakan dalam skema peternakan di Denmark dan Inggris
untuk meningkatkan kualitas daging babi makan karena hal ini. Manfaat
menggabungkan gen Duroc pada peningkatan kadar lemak intramuskular dan
makan kualitas diilustrasikan pada Tabel 6.8. Bahkan, Duroc babi mungkin memiliki
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