AVL TreesAVL trees were invented in 1962 by two Russian scientists, G. translation - AVL TreesAVL trees were invented in 1962 by two Russian scientists, G. Indonesian how to say

AVL TreesAVL trees were invented in

AVL Trees
AVL trees were invented in 1962 by two Russian scientists, G. M. Adelson-Velsky
and E. M. Landis [Ade62], after whom this data structure is named.

DEFINITION An AVL tree is a binary search tree in which the balance factor of
every node, which is defined as the difference between the heights of the node’s
left and right sub trees, is either 0 or +1 or −1. (The height of the empty tree is
defined as−1. Of course, the balance factor can also be computed as the difference
between the numbers of levels rather than the height difference of the node’s left
and right sub trees.)

For example, the binary search tree in Figure 6.2a is an AVL tree but the one
in Figure 6.2b is not.
If an insertion of a new node makes an AVL tree unbalanced, we transform
the tree by a rotation. A rotation in an AVL tree is a local transformation of its
sub tree rooted at a node whose balance has become either+2or−2. If there are
several such nodes, we rotate the tree rooted at the unbalanced node that is the
closest to the newly inserted leaf. There are only four types of rotations; in fact,
two of them are mirror images of the other two. In their simplest form, the four
rotations are shown in Figure 6.3.
The first rotation type is called the single right rotation,orR-rotation. (Imagine rotating the edge connecting the root and its left child in the binary tree in
Figure 6.3a to the right.) Figure 6.4 presents the single R-rotation in its most general form. Note that this rotation is performed after a new key is inserted into the
left sub tree of the left child of a tree whose root had the balance of +1 before the
insertion.
The symmetric single left rotation,or L-rotation, is the mirror image of the
single R-rotation. It is performed after a new key is inserted into the right sub tree
of the right child of a tree whose root had the balance of−1 before the insertion.
(You are asked to draw a diagram of the general case of the single L-rotation in
the exercises.)
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AVL TreesAVL trees were invented in 1962 by two Russian scientists, G. M. Adelson-Velskyand E. M. Landis [Ade62], after whom this data structure is named.DEFINITION An AVL tree is a binary search tree in which the balance factor ofevery node, which is defined as the difference between the heights of the node’sleft and right sub trees, is either 0 or +1 or −1. (The height of the empty tree isdefined as−1. Of course, the balance factor can also be computed as the differencebetween the numbers of levels rather than the height difference of the node’s leftand right sub trees.)For example, the binary search tree in Figure 6.2a is an AVL tree but the onein Figure 6.2b is not.If an insertion of a new node makes an AVL tree unbalanced, we transformthe tree by a rotation. A rotation in an AVL tree is a local transformation of itssub tree rooted at a node whose balance has become either+2or−2. If there areseveral such nodes, we rotate the tree rooted at the unbalanced node that is theclosest to the newly inserted leaf. There are only four types of rotations; in fact,two of them are mirror images of the other two. In their simplest form, the fourrotations are shown in Figure 6.3.The first rotation type is called the single right rotation,orR-rotation. (Imagine rotating the edge connecting the root and its left child in the binary tree inFigure 6.3a to the right.) Figure 6.4 presents the single R-rotation in its most general form. Note that this rotation is performed after a new key is inserted into theleft sub tree of the left child of a tree whose root had the balance of +1 before theinsertion.The symmetric single left rotation,or L-rotation, is the mirror image of thesingle R-rotation. It is performed after a new key is inserted into the right sub treeof the right child of a tree whose root had the balance of−1 before the insertion.(You are asked to draw a diagram of the general case of the single L-rotation inthe exercises.)
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AVL Pohon
pohon AVL diciptakan pada tahun 1962 oleh dua ilmuwan Rusia, GM Adelson-Velsky
dan EM Landis [Ade62], setelah yang ini struktur data bernama. DEFINISI pohon Sebuah AVL adalah sebuah pohon pencarian biner di mana faktor keseimbangan setiap node, yang didefinisikan sebagai perbedaan antara ketinggian node sub pohon kiri dan kanan, adalah 0 atau 1 atau -1. (Ketinggian pohon kosong didefinisikan sebagai-1. Tentu saja, faktor keseimbangan dapat juga dihitung sebagai perbedaan antara jumlah tingkat daripada perbedaan ketinggian kiri node sub pohon dan kanan.) Sebagai contoh, pohon pencarian biner pada Gambar 6.2a adalah pohon AVL tapi satu pada Gambar 6.2b tidak. Jika penyisipan node baru membuat pohon AVL tidak seimbang, kita mengubah pohon dengan rotasi. Sebuah rotasi di pohon AVL adalah transformasi lokal yang sub pohon berakar pada simpul yang saldonya telah menjadi baik + 2or-2. Jika ada beberapa node tersebut, kami memutar pohon berakar pada node yang tidak seimbang itu adalah yang paling dekat dengan daun yang baru dimasukkan. Hanya ada empat jenis rotasi; pada kenyataannya, dua dari mereka adalah bayangan cermin dari dua lainnya. Dalam bentuk yang paling sederhana, empat rotasi ditunjukkan pada Gambar 6.3. Jenis rotasi pertama disebut rotasi yang tepat tunggal, Orr-rotasi. (Bayangkan berputar tepi menghubungkan akar dan anak kiri dalam pohon biner dalam Gambar 6.3a ke kanan.) Gambar 6.4 menyajikan tunggal R-rotasi dalam bentuk yang paling umum. Perhatikan bahwa rotasi ini dilakukan setelah kunci baru dimasukkan ke dalam sub pohon kiri dari anak kiri dari pohon yang akar memiliki keseimbangan 1 sebelum penyisipan. The simetris rotasi kiri tunggal, atau L-rotasi, adalah cermin citra tunggal R-rotasi. Hal ini dilakukan setelah kunci baru dimasukkan ke dalam sub pohon kanan dari anak kanan dari pohon yang akar memiliki keseimbangan-1 sebelum penyisipan. (Anda akan diminta untuk menggambar diagram dari kasus umum dari L- tunggal rotasi dalam latihan.)

























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