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One of industries having potential to pollute is leather tanning industry. Leather industrial wastewater changescontinuously and is different from time to time according to type and amount of raw leather processed, type offinished leather, type and amount of chemical material added and technological level applied. Pollution occurs dueto chemical material used in the process that is not absorbed perfectly by processed leather, so wastewater in wetprocess still contain remnant chemical material in great amount. One of damaging metal is chrome. Chrome inwaters environment with certain concentration can cause problem. Cr (VI) in water has high solubility and is toxic,corrosive and carcinogenic that may cause lung cancer when accumulated in human body (Palar, 2008). One ofefforts to deal with pollution by leather tanning industry is removal of chrome and organic material from leathertanning industrial wastewater with cheap and natural way by absorption method using natural adsorbent usingchitosan and coconut shell active charcoal. According to Griffon et al (2006) chitosan is non-toxic cationic polymer,which is biodegradable and biocompatible. Chitosan is effective pollutant bio-absorbent due to high deacetilizationrate and have free amino group, so it is polycationic having capability to bind metal, protein and dye. However,chitosan has also weakness. Use of chitosan as bio-absorbent is soluble in low pH so it cannot absorb Cr (III) at lowpH (Onar and Sarisik, 2002). It is due to active site (amine group) of chitosan undergo protonization and itsadsorption capability is influenced by anion in waters. In contrary, coconut shell active charcoal or active carbon haswide surface (300-2000 m2/g) (Suhartana., 2006) and has high absorption rate due to having active site that canabsorb organic and inorganic material. According to Rodrigues and Reinoso (1998) active carbon is species withamphoteric characteristic that can have negative or positive content and depend on solution pH to absorb organicand inorganic material. Anionic adsorption will occur in low pH and cationic species will prefer high pH. Due to itsusage to absorb heavy metal, it is used as substrate to attach chitosan to absorb heavy metal and organic materialfrom industrial wastewater more effectively.
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