The attachment of molecules to a surface is calledadsorption. The subs translation - The attachment of molecules to a surface is calledadsorption. The subs Indonesian how to say

The attachment of molecules to a su

The attachment of molecules to a surface is called
adsorption. The substance that adsorbs is the adsorbate
and the underlying material that we are concerned
with in this section is the adsorbent or
substrate. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.
A simple picture of a perfect crystal surface is as
a tray of oranges in a grocery store (Fig. 18.1). A
gas molecule that collides with the surface can be
imagined as a table-tennis ball bouncing erratically
over the oranges. The molecule loses energy as it
bounces under the influence of intermolecular forces,
but it is likely to escape from the surface before it has
lost so much kinetic energy that is has become
trapped. The same is true, to some extent, of an ionic
crystal in contact with a solution. There is little
energy advantage for an ion in solution to discard
some of its solvating molecules and stick at an
exposed position on a flat surface.
The picture changes when the surface has defects,
for then there are ridges of incomplete layers of
atoms or ions. A typical type of surface defect is
a step between two otherwise flat layers of atoms
called terraces (Fig. 18.2). A step defect might itself
have defects, including kinks. When an atom settles
on a terrace it migrates across it under the influence
of the intermolecular potential, and might come to a
step or a corner formed by a kink. Instead of interacting
with a single terrace atom, the molecule now
interacts with several, and the interaction may be
strong enough to trap it. Likewise, when ions deposit
from solution, the loss of the solvation interaction is
offset by a strong Coulombic interaction between the
arriving ions and several ions at the surface defect.
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The attachment of molecules to a surface is calledadsorption. The substance that adsorbs is the adsorbateand the underlying material that we are concernedwith in this section is the adsorbent orsubstrate. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.A simple picture of a perfect crystal surface is asa tray of oranges in a grocery store (Fig. 18.1). Agas molecule that collides with the surface can beimagined as a table-tennis ball bouncing erraticallyover the oranges. The molecule loses energy as itbounces under the influence of intermolecular forces,but it is likely to escape from the surface before it haslost so much kinetic energy that is has becometrapped. The same is true, to some extent, of an ioniccrystal in contact with a solution. There is littleenergy advantage for an ion in solution to discardsome of its solvating molecules and stick at anexposed position on a flat surface.The picture changes when the surface has defects,for then there are ridges of incomplete layers ofatoms or ions. A typical type of surface defect isa step between two otherwise flat layers of atomscalled terraces (Fig. 18.2). A step defect might itselfhave defects, including kinks. When an atom settleson a terrace it migrates across it under the influenceof the intermolecular potential, and might come to astep or a corner formed by a kink. Instead of interactingwith a single terrace atom, the molecule nowinteracts with several, and the interaction may be
strong enough to trap it. Likewise, when ions deposit
from solution, the loss of the solvation interaction is
offset by a strong Coulombic interaction between the
arriving ions and several ions at the surface defect.
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Lampiran molekul ke permukaan disebut
adsorpsi. Substansi yang mengadsorpsi adalah adsorbat
dan bahan dasar yang kita prihatin
dengan di bagian ini adalah adsorben atau
substrat. Kebalikan dari adsorpsi adalah desorpsi.
Sebuah gambar sederhana dari permukaan kristal sempurna adalah sebagai
nampan jeruk di sebuah toko kelontong (Gbr. 18.1). Sebuah
molekul gas yang bertabrakan dengan permukaan dapat
dibayangkan sebagai bola tenis meja memantul tak menentu
selama jeruk. Molekul kehilangan energi karena
memantul di bawah pengaruh gaya antarmolekul,
tetapi kemungkinan untuk melarikan diri dari permukaan sebelum itu telah
kehilangan begitu banyak energi kinetik yang telah menjadi
terperangkap. Hal yang sama berlaku, sampai batas tertentu, sebuah ion
kristal dalam kontak dengan solusi. Ada sedikit
keuntungan energi untuk ion dalam larutan untuk membuang
beberapa molekul solvating dan tongkat pada
posisi terbuka pada permukaan yang datar.
Gambar berubah ketika permukaan memiliki cacat,
untuk kemudian ada pegunungan lapisan lengkap dari
atom atau ion. Sebuah jenis khas cacat permukaan
langkah antara dua lapisan dinyatakan datar atom
disebut teras (Gbr. 18,2). Langkah cacat mungkin sendiri
memiliki cacat, termasuk Kinks. Ketika atom mengendap
di teras itu bermigrasi di bawah pengaruh
dari potensi antarmolekul, dan mungkin datang ke sebuah
langkah atau sudut yang dibentuk oleh ketegaran. Alih-alih berinteraksi
dengan atom teras tunggal, molekul sekarang
berinteraksi dengan beberapa, dan interaksi mungkin
cukup kuat untuk menjebak itu. Demikian juga, ketika deposito ion
dari larutan, hilangnya interaksi solvasi ini
diimbangi dengan interaksi Coulomb yang kuat antara
ion tiba dan beberapa ion di cacat permukaan.
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