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probably that its role is very limited. One may ask what the relations are between
philosophy as a discipline and other disciplines such as LIS? One common answer
to this question has been that philosophy is about theory and rational methods,
while the special sciences are only concerned with empirical investigations. This
view is obviously not true today because most theory in special fields is developed
by the field itself (or inspired from other special fields in interdisciplinary
research) and is not imported from philosophy understood as a special discipline.
In the history of science philosophy and philosophers have played a dominant
position until the time of Kant. After this period the sciences[3] became much
more “independent”, and the cognitive authority of philosophers decreased. In the
twentieth century logical positivism became influential and admitted only a limited
role for philosophy. The crisis in the positivist movement called for alternatives
such as more hermeneutical, pragmatic, critical and realist philosophies, which call
for a renewed consideration of the relation between philosophy and science (as
well as between sociology, history and the politics of science, among other fields).
What the actual role of the discipline of philosophy is today may be further
investigated by, among others, bibliometrical methods. Such methods cannot,
however, describe what kinds of philosophical theory are needed as a consequence
of theoretical re-orientating within special fields such as LIS.
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