genetic defects of beta-cell function, such
as maturity-onset diabetes of the young
(MODY) and mitochondrial DNA;
• genetic defects of insulin action such as
Leprechaunism and lipoatrophic diabetes;
• diseases of the exocrine pancreas such as
cancer, pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis;
• endocrine disorders such as Cushing's dis-
ease,hyperthyroidismandacromegaly;and
• drug- and chemical-induced diabetes
such as glucocorticoids, thiazides and
thyroid hormones.