After the patient meeting with the physician, the clinical
pharmacist provided, in a separate room at the outpatient
clinic, a structured patient education and discussion about
type 2 diabetes, risks for and types of complications from
diabetes, prescribed drug therapy, proper dosage, possible
side effects, and the importance of medication adherence. The
clinical pharmacist also emphasized lifestyle management
as follows: patients were encouraged to (a) change unhealthy
dietary habits that adversely influence blood glucose, blood
pressure, and lipid levels; (b) perform regular physical activity
that fits with their daily schedule; and (c) monitor and record
their blood glucose levels. Using a motivational interviewing
technique, advice was provided to patients with a positive
smoking history, and patients were referred to a special smoking
cessation program run within the hospital when necessary.