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Overweight and obesity are recognised as significant contributors to ill-health and world-wide burden of disease [1], estimated to affect approximately 1.3 billion adults globally [2]. In the Australian obstetric population 34% of women are overweight or obese [3], although more recent data would suggest that this is approaching 50% [4]. These figures are consistent with international data, which indicate 50–60% of women are overweight or obese on entering pregnancy The developmental over-nutrition hypothesis (also termedthe Pederson Hypothesis) was first proposed in 1954 [10] in anattempt to explain the relationship between maternal diabetesduring pregnancy and foetal overgrowth, principallyincreased adiposity. Under this hypothesis, maternal hyperglycaemiais associated with increased placental transfer ofglucose, resulting in foetal hyperglycaemia and increasedinsulin production, the resultant effect, an increase in insulinmediatedfoetal growth. The contribution of other fuelsubstrates, including free fatty acids, triglycerides and aminoacids, was also recognised [10]. More recently, the hypothesishas been expanded to recognise the potential metabolicimpact of maternal obesity
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