Cross-sectional studiesSnapshot of

Cross-sectional studies
Snapshot of constructs at a single point in time
Use of representative sample

Multiple cross-sectional studies
Constructs measured at multiple points in time
Use of different sample

Longitudinal studies
Constructs measured at multiple points in time
Use of same sample = a true panel

Results (Malay) 1:

Kajian keratan rentas
Tangkapan konstruk di satu titik dalam masa
Penggunaan sampel wakil Pelbagai kajian keratan rentas membina diukur di beberapa titik dalam masa Penggunaan sampel yang berbeza Membujur kajian konstruk yang diukur di beberapa titik dalam masa Penggunaan sampel sama = panel benar