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INTRODUCTIONNurse leaders have to confront upper managers openly andnegotiate with them on professional matters (Chan, 2002).A good leader also can confidently state one’s personal andgroup members’ needs in an effective manner (Office ofStudent Activities, Leadership and Involvement, 2008); suchabilities are characteristic of assertive leaders (Davar, 1999;Chan, 2002). Assertiveness is an essential quality in everyleader (Davar, 1999) and work on leadership perceptions haslikewise underscored the importance of assertiveness (Judgeet al., 2002; Lett, 2002; Ames & Flynn, 2007).Assertiveness occurs when “. . . an individual providerasserts his/her opinion during critical times” (Thomas et al.,2004: 9). Freeman and Adams (1999) argued that assertivenessis an interpersonal behavior that promotes equality inhuman relationships by assisting individuals to express theirrights, thoughts, and feelings while recognizing and respectingthe others’ rights. To put it in another way, assertivenesscan be defined as the extent of forcefulness used by individualsto express themselves and to get things done in order toachieve the organizational objectives (Davar, 1999). Assertiveleaders clearly describe behavior and its consequencesin comparison to attributing motivation to others. They alsodirect their feedback and observations to the appropriate
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