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The Nursing Worklife Model4 served as thetheoretical framework for this study. The modeldescribes relationships among nursing worklifefactors, burnout, and nurse and patient outcomes.In this model, 5 worklife factors identified byLake5 as characteristics of effective professionalnursing practice environments interact with eachother and affect nurse and patient outcomesthrough the burnout/engagement process. The 5worklife factors are the following: (1) effectivenursing leadership, (2) staff participation in organizationalaffairs, (3) adequate staffing for qualitycare, (4) support for a nursing (vs medical) modelof patient care, and (5) effective nurse/physicianrelationships. Leiter and Laschinger6 describedhow these factors interact to predict the extent ofnurses’ burnout or engagement with their work. Inthat study, nursing leadership was found to be thedriving force of the model, strongly influencing theother professional practice environment factors,which in turn influenced the degree of workengagement/burnout. In this study, we further testthe model by adding patient safety as an outcomeof this process.
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