The rise of the Germans and British

The rise of the Germans and British paralleled – and intensified – the concern,
bordering on paranoia, of Russia’s rulers, and their sense of vulnerability to the
west. After the death of the reactionary Nicholas I in 1855, Alexander II undertook
extensive modernizing reforms, including the liberation of the country’s serfs. But
these measures were flawed and failed to satisfy a large proportion of his subjects,
fueling a turn to terrorism and Alexander’s assassination in 1881. The Habsburg
Empire felt roughly similar vulnerabilities; its internal reforms and efforts at consolidation
resulted in the creation of the more centralized and modernized Dual
Monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867. However, its leaders continued to suffer
from a sense of economic backwardness and a related growing threat from the
nations to their west.

Results (Indonesian) 2:

Munculnya Jerman dan Inggris sejajar - dan intensif - kekhawatiran,
berbatasan dengan paranoia, penguasa Rusia, dan rasa kerentanan ke
barat. Setelah kematian reaksioner Nicholas I pada tahun 1855, Alexander II melakukan
reformasi modernisasi yang luas, termasuk pembebasan budak negara. Tapi
tindakan ini adalah cacat dan gagal untuk memenuhi sebagian besar rakyatnya,
memicu giliran untuk terorisme dan pembunuhan Alexander pada 1881. The Habsburg
Kekaisaran merasa kerentanan kira-kira mirip; reformasi dan upaya konsolidasi internal
mengakibatkan penciptaan lebih terpusat dan dimodernisasi Ganda
Monarki Austria-Hongaria pada 1867. Namun, para pemimpinnya terus menderita
dari rasa keterbelakangan ekonomi dan ancaman terkait dari
negara-negara barat untuk mereka .