were collected from birth certificates, health service records, and by home interviews and observations at six months postpartum. No significant differences were noted between home-visited and not-home-visit- ed mother-infant pairs for the majority of health out- come variables. Major, differential health assets and liabilitiesbetweengroupsofBlackandWhitemother- infant pairs were observed. (Am J Public Health 1983; 73:573-580.)