Population structure can provide novel insight into the human past, an translation - Population structure can provide novel insight into the human past, an Indonesian how to say

Population structure can provide no

Population structure can provide novel insight into the human past, and recognizing and correcting for such stratification is
a practical concern in gene mapping by many association methodologies. We investigate these patterns, primarily through
principal component (PC) analysis of whole genome SNP polymorphism, in 2099 individuals from populations of Northern
European origin (Ireland, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Australia, and HapMap EuropeanAmerican).
The major trends (PC1 and PC2) demonstrate an ability to detect geographic substructure, even over a small area
like the British Isles, and this information can then be applied to finely dissect the ancestry of the European-Australian and
European-American samples. They simultaneously point to the importance of considering population stratification in what
might be considered a small homogeneous region. There is evidence from F
-based analysis of genic and nongenic SNPs that
differential positive selection has operated across these populations despite their short divergence time and relatively similar
geographic and environmental range. The pressure appears to have been focused on genes involved in immunity, perhaps
reflecting response to infectious disease epidemic. Such an event may explain a striking selective sweep centered on the
rs2508049-G allele, close to the HLA-G gene on chromosome 6. Evidence of the sweep extends over a 8-Mb/3.5-cM region.
Overall, the results illustrate the power of dense genotype and sample data to explore regional population variation, the events
that have crafted it, and their implications in both explaining disease prevalence and mapping these genes by association.
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Population structure can provide novel insight into the human past, and recognizing and correcting for such stratification isa practical concern in gene mapping by many association methodologies. We investigate these patterns, primarily throughprincipal component (PC) analysis of whole genome SNP polymorphism, in 2099 individuals from populations of NorthernEuropean origin (Ireland, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Australia, and HapMap EuropeanAmerican).The major trends (PC1 and PC2) demonstrate an ability to detect geographic substructure, even over a small arealike the British Isles, and this information can then be applied to finely dissect the ancestry of the European-Australian andEuropean-American samples. They simultaneously point to the importance of considering population stratification in whatmight be considered a small homogeneous region. There is evidence from F-based analysis of genic and nongenic SNPs thatdifferential positive selection has operated across these populations despite their short divergence time and relatively similargeographic and environmental range. The pressure appears to have been focused on genes involved in immunity, perhapsreflecting response to infectious disease epidemic. Such an event may explain a striking selective sweep centered on thers2508049-G allele, close to the HLA-G gene on chromosome 6. Evidence of the sweep extends over a 8-Mb/3.5-cM region.Overall, the results illustrate the power of dense genotype and sample data to explore regional population variation, the events
that have crafted it, and their implications in both explaining disease prevalence and mapping these genes by association.
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Results (Indonesian) 2:[Copy]
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Struktur penduduk dapat memberikan wawasan baru ke masa lalu manusia, dan mengakui dan mengoreksi untuk stratifikasi tersebut adalah
keprihatinan praktis dalam pemetaan gen oleh banyak metodologi asosiasi. Kami menyelidiki pola-pola ini, terutama melalui
komponen (PC) analisis pokok seluruh genom SNP polimorfisme, 2099 individu dari populasi Utara
asal Eropa (Irlandia, Inggris Raya, Belanda, Denmark, Swedia, Finlandia, Australia, dan HapMap EuropeanAmerican).
The tren utama (PC1 dan PC2) menunjukkan kemampuan untuk mendeteksi substruktur geografis, bahkan di daerah yang kecil
seperti Kepulauan Inggris, dan informasi ini kemudian dapat diterapkan untuk halus membedah keturunan dari Eropa-Australia dan
sampel Eropa-Amerika. Mereka secara bersamaan menunjukkan pentingnya mempertimbangkan stratifikasi penduduk apa yang
mungkin dianggap sebagai wilayah homogen kecil. Ada bukti dari F
analisis berbasis dari SNP genic dan nongenic yang
diferensial seleksi positif telah beroperasi di seluruh populasi ini meskipun waktu divergensi pendek dan relatif sama
berbagai geografis dan lingkungan. Tekanan tampaknya telah difokuskan pada gen yang terlibat dalam kekebalan, mungkin
mencerminkan respon terhadap epidemi penyakit menular. Peristiwa semacam itu dapat menjelaskan menyapu selektif mencolok berpusat pada
alel rs2508049-G, dekat dengan gen HLA-G pada kromosom 6. Bukti menyapu membentang di atas wilayah 8-Mb / 3.5-cM.
Secara keseluruhan, hasil menggambarkan kekuatan padat genotipe dan data sampel untuk mengeksplorasi variasi populasi regional, peristiwa
yang telah dibuat, dan implikasinya di kedua menjelaskan prevalensi penyakit dan pemetaan gen ini oleh asosiasi.
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