APS is the liquid sludge obtained after the ultrafiltration of
crude juice. The apples are mashed in the initial step of pro-
cessing and the solid waste is separated, and the crude juice
so obtained is again filtered twice through ultrafiltration system
which leaves APS accounting for 5–10% of total processed apples.
APS containshigh macro- and micronutrient contents (total carbon
51.9 g/L, total nitrogen 2.94 g/L, carbohydrates 66.0 ± 1.7 g/L, lipids
5.9 ± 0.3 g/L and protein 33.75 ± 2.0 g/L, among others) (Dhillon
et al., 2011b).