5.9.2. Diabetes medications
A literature review done by Berlie et al. showed that the risk of falls in insulin-treated patients versus non-diabetic controls was significant (RR 2.76; CI 1.52–5.01), whereas the risk of falls associated with non-insulin-treated patients with diabetes compared to nondiabetic controls was not significant (RR 1.18; CI 0.87–1.60). Metformin has not been directly linked to falls. It does, however, cause neuropathy secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency, which can predispose patients to falls. Secretagogues are not linked to falls. Patient taking thiazolidinediones, although they are not at a higher risk of falls, are more prone to having fractures after a fall.