The room was set up theater style so that the participants faced one of the two the research therapist (RT). The RTs were trained as group facilitators and narrators of the knee self-massage intervention. One RT narrated while the other led the intervention sequence. Participants were encouraged to report any skin discolorations, swelling or adverse signs or symptoms to the researcher. Each intervention participant received a detailed handout containing instructions and illustrations of each step in the self-massage sequence (see Appendix A) during the final week in preparation for the three weeks of unsupervised, at-home intervention sessions. For the reported study, the self-massage intervention, its administration, and the narration required no modification from the pilot study.