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Maintenance aims to improve system availability and MTBF, to reduce failure frequency and downtime. However, since maintenance incurs cost, to reduce maintenance cost is also necessary. Generally, an optimal system maintenance policy may be the one which either (a) minimizes system maintenance cost rate, (b) maximizes the system reliability measures, (c) minimizes system maintenance cost rate while the system reliability requirements are satisfied, or (d) maximizes the system reliability measures when the requirements for the system maintenance cost are satisfied. Fig. 1 shows various factors which may affect an optimal maintenance policy. It is noted that for a series system there exist some shut-off rules. This shut-off rule is used in Barlow and Proshan (1975). Obviously, it is practical and can be applicable in other system configurations.
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