• Monetary policy - this refers to actions taken by the Federal Reserv translation - • Monetary policy - this refers to actions taken by the Federal Reserv Vietnamese how to say

• Monetary policy - this refers to

• Monetary policy - this refers to actions taken by the Federal Reserve to either increase or decrease the money supply in the economy. The Fed uses the following strategies to expand or contract funds in the banking system:
o Buying or selling government securities in the open market. Buying government securities increases the money supply by injecting cash into the economy and helps lead to lower interest rates; selling securities decreases the money supply by removing cash from the economy and helps to raise interest rates.
o Increasing or decreasing member bank reserve requirements. Higher reserve requirements tighten the money supply; lower reserve requirements loosen the money supply.
o Increasing or decreasing the discount rate to member banks who borrow reserves from the Fed. A higher discount rate tightens money supply; a lower discount rate loosens money supply.
o Changing the percentage of credit required to buy securities on margin.
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• Monetary policy - this refers to actions taken by the Federal Reserve to either increase or decrease the money supply in the economy. The Fed uses the following strategies to expand or contract funds in the banking system:o Buying or selling government securities in the open market. Buying government securities increases the money supply by injecting cash into the economy and helps lead to lower interest rates; selling securities decreases the money supply by removing cash from the economy and helps to raise interest rates. o Increasing or decreasing member bank reserve requirements. Higher reserve requirements tighten the money supply; lower reserve requirements loosen the money supply. o Increasing or decreasing the discount rate to member banks who borrow reserves from the Fed. A higher discount rate tightens money supply; a lower discount rate loosens money supply. o Changing the percentage of credit required to buy securities on margin.
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• Chính sách tiền tệ - điều này đề cập đến hành động của FED phải tăng hoặc giảm cung tiền trong nền kinh tế. Fed sử dụng các chiến lược sau đây để mở rộng hoặc quỹ hợp đồng trong hệ thống ngân hàng:
o Mua hoặc bán trái phiếu chính phủ trên thị trường mở. Mua trái phiếu chính phủ tăng cung tiền bằng cách tiêm tiền mặt vào nền kinh tế và giúp dẫn đến lãi suất thấp; bán chứng khoán giảm cung tiền bằng cách bỏ tiền mặt từ các nền kinh tế và giúp tăng lãi suất.
o Tăng hoặc giảm yêu cầu dự trữ ngân hàng thành viên. Yêu cầu dự trữ cao hơn thắt chặt cung tiền; dự trữ bắt buộc thấp hơn nới lỏng cung tiền.
o Việc tăng hoặc giảm tỷ lệ chiết khấu cho các ngân hàng thành viên, người vay quỹ dự trữ từ Fed. Một tỷ lệ chiết khấu cao hơn thắt chặt cung tiền; một tỷ lệ chiết khấu thấp hơn nới lỏng cung tiền.
o Thay đổi tỷ lệ tín dụng cần thiết để mua chứng khoán ký quỹ.
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