4. Engineering Geologic Conditions and Evaluation of PenstockPenstock  translation - 4. Engineering Geologic Conditions and Evaluation of PenstockPenstock  Lao how to say

4. Engineering Geologic Conditions

4. Engineering Geologic Conditions and Evaluation of Penstock
Penstock is to be connected along the inclined slope sownward to the powerhouse and the topographic gradient along the axis direction of the penstock is 10-15. Unfavorable physical-geological phenomena are undeveloped along the penstock, the geologic conditions are simple and vegetation covers are relatively dense. Foundations of anchorage block and buttresses of penstock line are basically soft foundation partially being rock foundation. The soft foundation is a block detris clay layer the top layer is structurally loose-slight dense, the thickness of which is normally 1-6m. it is suggested that after removing the loose surface layer it is to place the foundation on moderately dense-dense starta guarantee certain embedded depth and take such reinforcement measures as compaction and replacement about the foundation to meet the design requirements. The lithology of rock foundation is sandstone which is hard in quality being weakly-moderately weather with relatively good integrity of rock masses and there is basically not the issue of foundation stability.



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4. ວິ​ສະ​ວະ​ພາບ Geologic ແລະ​ການ​ປະ​ເມີນ​ຜົນ​ຂອງ Penstock
Penstock ແມ່ນ​ໄດ້​ຮັບ​ການ​ເຊື່ອມ​ຕໍ່​ພ້ອມ sownward ຄ້ອຍ inclined ກັບ​ໂຮງ​ງານ​ໄຟ​ຟ້າ​ແລະ gradient ພູ​ມີ​ປະ​ເທດ​ຕາມ​ທິດ​ທາງ​ແກນ​ຂອງ penstock ແມ່ນ 10-15​. ປະ​ກົດ​ການ​ທາງ​ກາ​ຍະ​ພາບ​, ທໍ​ລະ​ນີ​ສາດ​ບໍ່​ເອື້ອ​ອໍາ​ນວຍ​ມີ undeveloped ຕາມ penstock​, ສະ​ພາບ​ການ​ແຮ່​ການ​ແມ່ນ​ງ່າຍ​ດາຍ​ແລະ​ການ​ປົກ​ຫຸ້ມ​ຂອງ​ພືດ​ແມ່ນ​ຫນາ​ແຫນ້ນ​ທີ່​ຂ້ອນ​ຂ້າງ​. ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ຂອງ​ຕັນ​ເຮືອ​ແລະ​ມີ​ປີກ​ຮາກ​ຂອງ​ເສັ້ນ penstock ມີ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ຮາກ​ຖານ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ກ້ອນ​ຫີນ​ອ່ອນ​ເປັນ​ບາງ​ສ່ວນ​. ການ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ຂອງ​ປາ​ແມ່ນ​ຊັ້ນ​ດິນ​ເຜົາ detris ຕັນ​ຊັ້ນ​ເທິງ​ແມ່ນ​ໂຄງ​ປະ​ກອບ​ການ​ວ່າງ​ເລັກ​ນ້ອຍ​ດົກ​ຫນາ​, ຄວາມ​ຫນາ​ຂອງ​ທີ່​ເປັນ 1-6m ປົກ​ກະ​ຕິ​. ມັນ​ໄດ້​ຖືກ​ແນະ​ນໍາ​ວ່າ​ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ທີ່​ຖອນ​ໄດ້​ຊັ້ນ​ຫນ້າ​ດິນ​ວ່າງ​ມັນ​ແມ່ນ​ການ​ຈັດ​ວາງ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ກ່ຽວ​ກັບ​ປານ​ກາງ​ທີ່​ຫນາ​ແຫນ້ນ​ຫນາ​ແຫນ້ນ​ຮັບ​ປະ​ກັນ Starta ຄວາມ​ເລິກ​ຝັງ​ທີ່​ແນ່​ນອນ​ແລະ​ໃຊ້​ມາດ​ຕະ​ການ​ສະ​ຫນັບ​ສະ​ຫນຸນ​ດັ່ງ​ກ່າວ​ເປັນ​ການ​ອັດ​ແຫນ້ນ​ແລະ​ການ​ທົດ​ແທນ​ການ​ກ່ຽວ​ກັບ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ເພື່ອ​ຕອບ​ສະ​ຫນອງ​ຄວາມ​ຕ້ອງ​ການ​ການ​ອອກ​ແບບ​. lithology ຂອງ​ການ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ກ້ອນ​ຫີນ​ແມ່ນ​ຫີນ​ຊາຍ​ຊຶ່ງ​ເປັນ​ການ​ຍາກ​ໃນ​ຄຸນ​ນະ​ພາບ​ເປັນ weakly​, ປານ​ກາງ​ສະ​ພາບ​ອາ​ກາດ​ທີ່​ມີ​ຄວາມ​ຊື່​ຂ້ອນ​ຂ້າງ​ດີ​ຂອງ​ມະ​ຫາ​ຊົນ Rock ແລະ​ບໍ່​ມີ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ບໍ່​ແມ່ນ​ບັນ​ຫາ​ຂອງ​ການ​ສະ​ຖຽນ​ລະ​ພາບ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ຂອງ​.



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