THE LINGUISTIC EFFECTS OF CULTURAL

THE LINGUISTIC EFFECTS OF CULTURAL IDENTITY. Within the study of language,
formal linguistics analyzes linguistic factors exclusively and, until recently in the optimality
movement, held that the linguistic processes were inviolably and categorically
determined by the mental grammar (Guy 1997:336). For example a process like copula
absence (e.g. They
real nice folk), if analyzed under the assumption of the ideal
speaker-hearer, occurs every time the appropriate environmental conditions apply. Sociolinguistic
variationists (hereafter variationists) view linguistic processes as possibly
violable and nondeterministic (happening a percentage of the time in the same environment):
for example, the following grammatical environment constrains the rate of copula
absence but does not determine it (e.g. gonna in She gonna be the president favors
copula absence more than an NP in She the president) (Baugh 1980, Blake 1997, Hazen
2000, Labov 1969, Rickford 1998, Rickford et al. 1991, Wolfram 1974).

Results (Indonesian) 2:

PENGARUH LINGUISTIC IDENTITAS BUDAYA. Dalam studi bahasa,
linguistik formal yang menganalisa faktor linguistik eksklusif dan, sampai saat ini di optimalitas
gerakan, menyatakan bahwa proses linguistik yang inviolably dan tegas
ditentukan oleh tata bahasa mental (Guy 1997: 336). Misalnya proses seperti kopula
adanya (misalnya Mereka? Real nice folk), jika dianalisis di bawah asumsi ideal
speaker-pendengar, terjadi setiap kali kondisi lingkungan yang sesuai berlaku. Sosiolinguistik
variationists (selanjutnya variationists) melihat proses linguistik sebagai kemungkinan
violable dan nondeterministic (terjadi persentase waktu di lingkungan yang sama):
misalnya, lingkungan tata bahasa berikut membatasi laju kopula
adanya tetapi tidak menentukan itu (misalnya akan di Dia akan menjadi presiden nikmat
kopula adanya lebih dari satu NP di Dia presiden) (Baugh 1980, Blake 1997, Hazen
2000, Labov 1969, Rickford 1998, Rickford et al. 1991, Wolfram 1974).